Enhanced 0il Recovery (E0R)

While the primary objective of the course is to prepare reservoir engineers and/or petroleum engineers to utilize existing tests’ results and well/reservoir performance data, it will be invaluable to those who face the responsibility of formulating EOR programs for green and brownfields alike. The potential savings by avoiding expensive and time-consuming programs render to unreliable or questionable outcomes are tremendously significant! Therefore, attending this course should be mandatory for all who deal with screening, processing, and analyzing CCA/SCA data for EOR/IOR purposes.

Course Objectives

1. Understanding the fundamentals of reservoir engineering with emphasis on its relevance and integration to field development.
2. Understanding state-of-the-art tools, technologies, and strategies that make the difference for modern reservoir engineering.
3. Understanding reservoir engineering remaining challenges with a glance on unconventional reservoirs.

1. Conduct a systematic review of laboratory reports and separate results that are clearly invalid from those that may be consistent.
2. Define the strengths and weaknesses of the various laboratory measurement techniques and identify which portion of reported CCA/SCA data results are likely require refinement.
3. Analyze and evaluate reported relatively permeability curves and make necessary tuning and fine tuning.
4. Relate CCA/SCA result to rock typing and reservoir characterization.
5. Formulate efficient CCA/SCA program for a new well or reservoir.
6. Screen methods of EOR based on clear criterion.
7. Examine, evaluate, monitor, and update selected EOR technology on regular basis.

All specialists who deal with or are expected to deal with EOR/IOR.

Day 1:

Introduction of CCA/SCAL sources and utilization

• Uses and importance of accurate conventional and special core analysis results in reservoir engineering calculations
• Key -challenges in using laboratory results

Validation of CCA/SCA Data

• What to look for during review of SCA reports
• A systematic approach to data validation
• Review checklists

Use of Capillary Pressure to Define Connate Water Saturation

• Measurement techniques
• Shortcomings of air-mercury data
• Adjusting laboratory data to reservoir conditions
• Correlation techniques

Day 2:

CCA/SCA Versus Reservoir Characterization

• Examples of relationships between relative permeability and other rock characteristics
• Characterization techniques role in identifying rock typing and assigning data to those rock types

Wettability

• Wettability concepts and measurement techniques
• Types of wettability
• Factors affect reservoir wettability and how natural wettability can inadvertently be altered during core handling
• Wettability restoration

Relative Permeability

• Measurement methods and techniques
• Wettability considerations

• Importance of test procedures and test conditions
• Special problems with intermediate (neutral) wettability reservoirs
• Refining laboratory results, integrating, grouping and averaging

ROS (Residual Oil Saturation (ROS) / SWir (Irreducible Water Saturation) / Cross-Over Issues

• Ambiguity and alternative definitions
• Difficulties in determining
• Estimating one from another (indirect measurement)
• Effect of wettability and quality of Rel Perms curves

Day 3:

Multiphase Flow in Porous Media

• Physical assumptions and their implications
• Displacement under Segregated Flow Conditions
• Displacement in Stratified Reservoirs
• Wettability
• Capillary Pressure
• Interfacial Tension
• Relative Permeability
• Frontal Advance Theorem
• Micro/Macro Displacement

 Viscosity Control Management

• Onshore versus Onshore FDP
• Case Study I

 Interfacial Tension Management

Saturation Functions

• Leverette J- Function
• Johnson Sat Function
• Cuddy et al.Sat Function
• Skelt- Harrison Sat Function

 Polymer Injection

• Process Description
• Role of Experimental Study
• Field Applications
• Case Studies

Overview on Enhanced Oil Recovery (EOR) Processes

• Oil Recovery Methods
• Methods to Improve Recovery Efficiency
• EOR Processes
• Summary of Screening Criteria for EOR Methods
• Emphasis on Chemical EOR
• Environmental & Economical Aspects of EOR Processes
• Comparative Performance of Different EOR Methods

Case Studies

Day 4:

Immiscible Gas Flooding

• CO2 Gas Injection
• N2 Gas Injection
• Hydrocarbon Gases Injection
• Associated Challenges

Surfactant

• Process Description
• Role of Experimental Study
• Field Applications
• Case Studies

Day 5:

Problems and Constraints

Surfactant-Micellar-Polymer Methods

Alkaline-Surfactant-Polymer Methods

Crosslinked Polymers and Chemical Gels

Significant Technology Development

 Case Studies